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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2010, Vol. 6 ?? Issue (05): 319-324.

      ? 氣候系統(tǒng)變化 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      環(huán)渤海地區(qū)1961-2007年極端強(qiáng)降水時(shí)空變化特征

      郭軍,李明財(cái),段麗瑤   

      1. 天津市氣候中心
      • 收稿日期:2009-11-25 修回日期:2010-01-02 出版日期:2010-09-30 發(fā)布日期:2010-09-30
      • 通訊作者: 郭軍

      Spatio-temporal Variations of Extremely Heavy Precipitation in the Circum-Bohai Sea Region During 1961-2007

      GUO Jun   

      • Received:2009-11-25 Revised:2010-01-02 Online:2010-09-30 Published:2010-09-30
      • Contact: GUO Jun

      摘要: 20世紀(jì)90年代以來,環(huán)渤海地區(qū)降水總量持續(xù)偏少,極端強(qiáng)降水和干旱缺水問題十分突出。利用環(huán)渤海地區(qū)60個(gè)臺站1961-2007年逐日降水資料,應(yīng)用百分位方法確定極端強(qiáng)降水閾值,分析了極端強(qiáng)降水量、降水強(qiáng)度和頻率的空間分布及時(shí)間變化趨勢。結(jié)果表明:環(huán)渤海地區(qū)極端降水強(qiáng)度大、頻率高的地區(qū)與年降水量高值區(qū)相一致,說明極端降水量的多少影響年降水量;極端降水日數(shù)呈減少趨勢,特別是京津冀中部地區(qū)減少顯著;極端降水多發(fā)生在7月中旬到8月中旬,最高頻次在7月下旬,近10年極端降水季節(jié)分配比較分散,很少出現(xiàn)每候25站次以上的極端強(qiáng)降水;間隔30 d以上的極端強(qiáng)降水近年來增加明顯。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 極端強(qiáng)降水, 頻數(shù), 強(qiáng)度, 環(huán)渤海地區(qū)

      Abstract: Yearly total precipitation has been continuously decreasing since the 1990s, accompanying with an acute problem of extremely heavy precipitation and drought. The daily precipitation data at 60 weather stations in the circum-Bohai Sea region from 1961 to 2007 were used to analyze the spatial distribution and temporal changes of the rainfall, intensity and frequency of extremely heavy precipitation, wherein the threshold of extremely heavy precipitation was determined by the percentile method. The results show that the extremely heavy precipitation of high intensity and frequency occurred where the corresponding annual rainfall was high, indicating that the rainfall of extremely heavy precipitation dominated the annual rainfall. Extremely heavy precipitation days showed a declining trend, especially in the central part of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area. Extremely heavy precipitation frequently occurred from middle July to middle August, with the top frequency in late July. Over the last 10 years the seasonal distribution of extreme precipitation was temporally relatively disperse and the extremely heavy precipitation with more than 25 station days occurred in a pentad was scarce. In contrast, extremely heavy precipitation with an interval of more than 30 d increased significantly in recent years.

      Key words: extreme heavy precipitation, frequency, intensity, circum-Bohai sea region

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