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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2009, Vol. 05 ?? Issue (01): 56-60.

      ? 年度氣候回顧 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      2008年:氣候持續(xù)變暖,極端事件頻發(fā)

      徐雨晴 苗秋菊 沈永平   

      1. 中國(guó)氣象局 國(guó)家氣候中心 國(guó)家氣候中心 中國(guó)科學(xué)院 寒區(qū)旱區(qū)環(huán)境與工程研究所
      • 收稿日期:2008-12-31 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-01-22 發(fā)布日期:2009-01-22
      • 通訊作者: 徐雨晴

      The Year 2008: Global Warming Continued, Extreme Events Occurred Frequently

      Yuqing Xu MIAO Qiuju Shen Yongping   

      1. National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration National Climate Center,China Meteorological Administration Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences
      • Received:2008-12-31 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-01-22 Published:2009-01-22
      • Contact: Yuqing Xu

      摘要: 2008年可能是自1850年開始有器測(cè)記錄以來(lái)全球第10個(gè)最暖的年份,全球海面和陸面綜合氣溫比1961-1990年的年平均高0.31℃,150 a來(lái)最熱的10個(gè)年份都集中在最近12 a里,全球氣候變暖的趨勢(shì)仍在持續(xù)。北極的海冰面積在融化期降至自1979年衛(wèi)星測(cè)量以來(lái)的第2個(gè)最低點(diǎn);同時(shí),2008年極端天氣氣候事件頻發(fā),世界許多地方出現(xiàn)了洪災(zāi)、持續(xù)性嚴(yán)重干旱、冰雪風(fēng)暴、熱浪和寒潮等;拉尼娜現(xiàn)象在2月份呈峰值狀態(tài),以后逐漸減弱至近中性狀態(tài);南極臭氧洞進(jìn)一步增大。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 2008年, 氣候狀況, 氣候變暖, 極端事件

      Abstract: The year 2008 is likely to rank as the 10th warmest year on record since the beginning of the instrumental climate records in 1850. The global combined sea-surface and land-surface air temperature for 2008 is currently estimated at 0.31℃ above the 1961-1990 annual average of 14.00℃. Ten of the warmest years were all among the recent 12 years, indicating a continuous trend of global warming. Arctic sea ice extent during the 2008 melt season dropped to its second-lowest level since satellite measurements began in 1979. Climate extremes, including devastating floods, severe and persistent droughts, snow storms, heatwaves and cold waves, were recorded in many parts of the world. La Nina conditions gradually weakened from their peak strength in February, and near-neutral conditions prevailed during the later half of 2008. Antarctic ozone hole in 2008 is larger than that in 2007.

      Key words: the year 2008, climate status, extreme event

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