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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2008, Vol. 4 ?? Issue (002): 106-110.

      ? 研究短論 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      中國(guó)不同等級(jí)霧日的氣候特征

      陳瀟瀟 郭品文 羅勇   

      1. 江蘇省無(wú)錫市氣象局 國(guó)家氣候中心
      • 收稿日期:2007-04-06 修回日期:2007-09-06 出版日期:2008-03-31 發(fā)布日期:2008-03-31
      • 通訊作者: 陳瀟瀟

      Climate Characteristics of Fog Days of Various Categories in China

        

      • Received:2007-04-06 Revised:2007-09-06 Online:2008-03-31 Published:2008-03-31

      摘要: 利用1961-2005年中國(guó)300個(gè)臺(tái)站的逐日霧資料及能見(jiàn)度資料,分析了不同等級(jí)霧的時(shí)空分布及基本氣候特征、霧生時(shí)間和持續(xù)時(shí)間的年代際變化。結(jié)果表明:霧的空間分布范圍隨著能見(jiàn)度的降低而減小;隨時(shí)間的變化多呈減少趨勢(shì),但沿長(zhǎng)江及東部沿海的重濃霧日在20世紀(jì)70年代發(fā)生突變,霧日增多;內(nèi)陸、南部沿海霧生時(shí)間多在清晨06:00-08:00,東部及沿海多發(fā)生在夜間20:00-21:00;霧生頻次經(jīng)歷少-多-少的年代際變化,90年代后頻次減少,個(gè)別區(qū)域霧生時(shí)間隨著年代的延伸而推后;大部分地區(qū)霧的持續(xù)時(shí)間在3 h內(nèi),12 h以上的霧區(qū)多集中在沿海、華北和隴東-山西地區(qū),沿海、四川盆地、云貴地區(qū)90年代12 h以上霧的發(fā)生頻次最高。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 霧, 等級(jí)劃分, 氣候特征, 變化趨勢(shì)

      Abstract: Based on the observational data of daily fog and visibility at 300 national meteorological observatory stations of China during the period of 1961-2005, spatially and temporally distributive climate characters of fogs of various categories were analyzed through regional division. The frequencies of fog generation and duration in each decade were also calculated. Results show that the fog area was smaller when the visibility of the fog was small. Fog frequencies in most regions generally displayed a evolutional trend of less (the1960s)-more (the 1970s-1980s)-less (since the 1990s) fog days, however, super-dense fog days abruptly increased in the 1970s over the Yangtze River valley and the eastern coastal region. Fogs mostly occurred during 06:00-08:00 o'lock in inland and south coast areas, and 20:00-21:00 o'lock in eastern China and the east coast region. Fogs generally lasted for less than 3 hours in most regions; and those with a duration of more than 12 hours mainly concentrated in the coastal areas, North China, and the Longdong-Shanxi area, and its maximum frequency occurred in the coastal areas, the Sichuan Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the 1990s.

      Key words: fog, classification in fog, climate characteristics, trend analysis

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