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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2011, Vol. 7 ?? Issue (2): 110-115.

      ? 氣候系統變化 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      黑龍江省1961—2009年極端氣溫事件變化特征分析

      朱紅蕊,劉赫男   

      1. 黑龍江省氣候中心
      • 收稿日期:2010-07-27 修回日期:2010-09-06 出版日期:2011-03-30 發(fā)布日期:2011-04-07
      • 通訊作者: 朱紅蕊 E-mail:hongrui_2008@163.com
      • 基金資助:
        自然科學(xué)基金

      Characteristics of Extreme Temperature Events During 1961-2009 in Heilongjiang Province

      • Received:2010-07-27 Revised:2010-09-06 Online:2011-03-30 Published:2011-04-07

      摘要: 選用世界氣象組織公布的極端氣候指數方法對1961—2009年黑龍江省8個(gè)極端氣溫指數進(jìn)行計算和分析,得到黑龍江省極端氣溫事件的事實(shí)和變化特征。結果表明:黑龍江省近49年來(lái)夏日天數、極端最低氣溫、極端最高氣溫、暖夜指數和暖晝日數均呈上升趨勢,而霜凍日數、冷夜指數和冷晝日數呈下降趨勢。極端氣溫指數的變化存在明顯的年際變化特征,并有突變發(fā)生。對黑龍江省氣溫升高來(lái)說(shuō),最低氣溫升高主要發(fā)生在20世紀80年代中期以后,而最高氣溫則在90年代以后上升明顯。空間分布方面,極端氣溫指數在全區基本都呈一致的增大或減小分布。夜間增暖的幅度要大于白天增暖的幅度,夜間氣溫的上升對增暖的貢獻更大。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 極端氣溫指數, 時(shí)空變化, 增暖, extreme temperature index, spatiotemporal change, warming

      Abstract: Extreme temperature events in Heilongjiang Province during 1961-2009 and their variation characteristics were evaluated by using the 8 WMO extreme climate indices. The results show that, in recent 49 years, summer days (SU), extreme minimum temperature (TNN), extreme maximum temperature (TXX), warm nights (TN90) and warm days (TX90) displayed a significantly increasing tendency, while frost days (FD), cold nights (TN10) and cold days (TX10) showed a decreasing tendency. The TNN and TXX had obviously interannual variabilities, and abrupt changes. The increase in TNN mainly occurred after the mid-1980s, while the obvious rising in TXX occurred after 1990. Spatially, extreme temperatures showed a consistent increasing or decreasing tendency over the whole province. The rising of night temperature contributed more to the warming than day temperature.

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