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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2009, Vol. 5 ?? Issue (06): 336-342.

      ? 研究論文 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      中國極端強(qiáng)降水日數(shù)與ENSO的關(guān)系

      李威1,翟盤茂2   

      1. 1. 國家氣候中心氣候系統(tǒng)診斷預(yù)測室2. 中國氣象局 預(yù)測減災(zāi)司
      • 收稿日期:2009-04-28 修回日期:2009-05-20 出版日期:2009-11-30 發(fā)布日期:2009-11-30
      • 通訊作者: 李威

      Relationship Between ENSO and Frequency of Extreme Precipitation Days in China

      Li Wei1,Zhai Panmao2   

      1. 1. National Climate Center2. China Meteorological Administration
      • Received:2009-04-28 Revised:2009-05-20 Online:2009-11-30 Published:2009-11-30
      • Contact: Li Wei

      摘要: 利用G分布函數(shù)對中國1951-2004年地面臺站逐日降水觀測資料進(jìn)行雨日降水量概率分布擬合并定義極端降水事件,在此基礎(chǔ)上對極端降水日數(shù)與ENSO的關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析研究。結(jié)果表明,ENSO對同期的極端降水發(fā)生頻率在不同地區(qū)和不同季節(jié)表現(xiàn)出不同的影響作用。總體而言,中國極端降水事件更易發(fā)生在厄爾尼諾年的冬春季和拉尼娜年的夏秋季。極端降水在對ENSO強(qiáng)信號的滯后響應(yīng)上,其發(fā)生頻率在時空上發(fā)生了變化,主要表現(xiàn)為,多數(shù)地方更易在ENSO暖位相出現(xiàn)后的半年左右發(fā)生極端降水事件。研究表明,ENSO冷暖信號對我國極端降水事件多寡的影響具有不對稱性。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 極端強(qiáng)降水, G分布函數(shù), ENSO, Nino 3.4區(qū)

      Abstract: Based on the daily precipitation observation dataset of stations from 1951-2004 in China, gamma function was used to define the extreme precipitation event and calculate the probability distribution of daily precipitation; then, relationship between ENSO and seasonal frequency of extreme precipitation events in China was studied. Results reveal that ENSO events are able to impact China'sextreme precipitation events in different regions, at different seasons. Generally, during winter and spring, extreme precipitation events may come forth in more regions during El Nino events than during La Nina events; while during summer and autumn, the opposite is true. Meanwhile, as for the time-lag relationship between ENSO and extreme precipitation frequency, the extreme precipitation events more easily occur in several regions if the central-eastern tropical Pacific is in ENSO warm phase two seasons ago. Therefore, the impact of El Nino and La Nina on the frequency of China's extreme precipitation events is asymmetrical.

      Key words: extreme precipitation, gamma function, ENSO, Nino 3.4, sea surface temperature (SST)

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