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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2008, Vol. 4 ?? Issue (004): 220-224.

      ? 研究短論 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      氣候變化對漢江上游徑流的影響

      蔡新玲,孫嫻,喬秋文,姜?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè),毛明策   

      1. 陜西省氣候中心
      • 收稿日期:2007-11-23 修回日期:2008-02-20 出版日期:2008-07-31 發(fā)布日期:2008-07-31
      • 通訊作者: 蔡新玲

      Effects of Climate Change on Runoff Volume in the Upper Reaches of the Hanjiang River

      1. Shaanxi Climate Center, Xi'an
      • Received:2007-11-23 Revised:2008-02-20 Online:2008-07-31 Published:2008-07-31

      摘要: 根據(jù)漢江上游安康以上流域1961-2005年歷年逐月氣溫和降水量資料,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析了近45 a流域氣候變化的基本特點(diǎn)。同時(shí),通過對各站氣溫、降水量與安康站徑流量的相關(guān)計(jì)算,建立了天然徑流量氣候模型,并分析了徑流量對氣候變化響應(yīng)的敏感性。結(jié)果表明:1) 近45 a來漢江上游安康以上流域的年平均氣溫呈上升趨勢;降水量呈遞減趨勢,90年代以后減少更為顯著。2) 在過去45 a中,漢江上游徑流量總體呈下降趨勢;1961年以來,漢江上游徑流量大體經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)豐水段和兩個(gè)枯水段;1985年發(fā)生躍變,以前呈微弱的上升趨勢,以后呈下降趨勢。3) 徑流量與區(qū)域年平均氣溫呈負(fù)相關(guān),而與年降水量呈較顯著的正相關(guān),年徑流量對降水變化的響應(yīng)較其對氣溫變化的響應(yīng)更為敏感。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 氣候變化, 徑流量, 影響, 漢江上游

      Abstract: Based on the monthly temperature and precipitation data at 14 weather stations from 1961 to 2005, the climate change characteristics in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River upstream of Ankang in the past 45 years were analyzed. The correlation between the temperature and precipitation at each meteorological station and the annual natural runoff volume at Ankang hydrological station were calculated. After selecting the representative stations, we developed the climatic model for calculating the annual natural runoff volume, and analyzed the sensitivity of natural runoff volume to climate change and the effect of climate change on the runoff volume. The results show that the annual natural runoff volume of the Hanjiang River increases with the increase of precipitation but decreases with the increase of temperature, and that the response of the annual natural runoff volume is more sensitive to precipitation changes rather than to temperature changes.

      Key words: climate change, runoff volume, impact, upper reaches of the Hanjiang River.

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