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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2007, Vol. 03 ?? Issue (03): 154-157.

      ? 極端事件專欄 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      北半球溫帶氣旋的變化

      王新敏 鄒旭愷 翟盤茂   

      1. 南京信息工程大學(xué) 國(guó)家氣候中心 中國(guó)氣象局 預(yù)測(cè)減災(zāi)司
      • 收稿日期:2006-12-31 修回日期:2007-01-09 出版日期:2007-05-30 發(fā)布日期:2007-05-30
      • 通訊作者: 王新敏

      Researches on Extratropical Cyclone Variability in the Northern Hemisphere

        

      • Received:2006-12-31 Revised:2007-01-09 Online:2007-05-30 Published:2007-05-30

      摘要: 許多學(xué)者對(duì)近半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)溫帶氣旋的頻數(shù)、強(qiáng)度和路徑的年際、年代際變化等特征進(jìn)行了研究,并探討了溫帶氣旋變化與大氣環(huán)流的關(guān)系,試圖揭示氣候變暖背景下溫帶氣旋變化的可能原因。較為一致的研究結(jié)論是:在全球變暖背景下,北半球氣旋活動(dòng)的變化顯示出在中緯度明顯減少,而在高緯度增加的趨勢(shì),意味著氣旋的路徑已經(jīng)明顯地北移。研究還表明,氣旋活動(dòng)的變化與對(duì)流層斜壓性、急流以及北大西洋濤動(dòng)、海溫梯度等因素有關(guān)。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 溫帶氣旋, 氣候變暖, 斜壓不穩(wěn)定, NCEP/NCAR再分析資料

      Abstract: Studies on extratropical cyclones under the climate warming background have attracted particular concern in recent years. Most of these researches focused on the characteristics of interannual or interdecadal variations of cyclone frequency, intensity and storm tracks. The consensus indicated that cyclone frequency by statistics has significantly decreased in mid-latitudes, but increased in high-latitudes. Storm intensity has increased in both high- and mid-latitudes during the past 50 years. The global warming might have resulted in a northward shift of storm tracks in the Northern Hemisphere. In addition, cyclone activities have good relations with tropospheric baroclinity, westerly jet, and sea surface temperature (SST) gradient.

      Key words: extratropical cyclone, climate warming, baroclinic instability, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, sea-level pressure

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