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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2010, Vol. 6 ?? Issue (03): 204-209.

      ? 氣候變化適應 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      黑河中游荒漠綠洲農業(yè)適應氣候變化技術(shù)研究

      趙文智,楊榮   

      1. 中國科學(xué)院寒區旱區環(huán)境與工程研究所
      • 收稿日期:2009-08-05 修回日期:2009-10-02 出版日期:2010-05-30 發(fā)布日期:2010-05-30
      • 通訊作者: 趙文智

      A Technological Study on Oasis Agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change in the Heihe River Basin

      Rong Yang   

      • Received:2009-08-05 Revised:2009-10-02 Online:2010-05-30 Published:2010-05-30

      摘要: 以我國第二大內陸河流域--黑河流域的中游荒漠綠洲為例,基于長(cháng)期定位試驗成果,研究了綠洲農業(yè)適應氣候變化的技術(shù)及其潛力。結果表明,在田間水平上,壟溝灌溉種植、主栽作物與伴生植物混播種植、優(yōu)化水肥管理、建立棗糧復合系統是綠洲農業(yè)適應氣候變化的有效技術(shù);在綠洲水平上,調整農業(yè)種植結構、加大農田林網(wǎng)規格和減少農田林網(wǎng)的灌溉次數、降低防風(fēng)固沙體系中高耗水樹(shù)種--楊樹(shù)的比例等技術(shù)是應對氣候變化的重要途徑。綜合評價(jià)結果表明,在黑河中游綠洲,通過(guò)推廣上述技術(shù),在不降低綠洲農業(yè)產(chǎn)值和不影響綠洲生態(tài)系統穩定性的前提下,初步估算每年可節水2.96×108 m3,抵消了氣溫上升大約1℃所帶來(lái)的蒸散發(fā)消耗量。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 氣候變化, 綠洲, 水資源, 適應技術(shù)

      Abstract: Based on the results of long-term experiments and observation, a case study was conducted in a desert oasis of the Heihe River basin to develop adaptive technologies of oasis agriculture and to evaluate the adaptation potentialities to climate change. It is indicated that technologies, such as ridge furrow irrigation, mixture sowing of crop and concomitant plant, optimizing fertilizer and water application, and promoting the jujube/crop intercropping system , could be applied on a field scale to adapt to climate change and strategies such as readjusting crop structure, extending shelterbelt specification, reducing the frequency of shelterbelt irrigation, and replacing high water consumption trees (Populus simonii) in the oasis defending system with drought-enduring plants, could be adopted at oasis level. The evaluation results suggest that the water saved by adopting these technologies would amount to 2.96 × 108 m3 per year, but without decreasing the oasis agricultural productivity and reducing the oasis stability.

      Key words: climate change, osis, water resource, adaptive technology

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