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      氣候變化研究進展 ?? 2010, Vol. 6 ?? Issue (05): 338-343.

      ? 氣候系統(tǒng)變化 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      北京地區(qū)大氣環(huán)流型及氣候特征

      周榮衛(wèi),何曉鳳,苗世光,李青春   

      1. 國家氣候中心
      • 收稿日期:2010-01-20 修回日期:2010-02-24 出版日期:2010-09-30 發(fā)布日期:2010-09-30
      • 通訊作者: 周榮衛(wèi)

      Atmospheric Circulation Types and Their Climatic Characteristics over Beijing

      • Received:2010-01-20 Revised:2010-02-24 Online:2010-09-30 Published:2010-09-30

      摘要: 以北京地區(qū)為研究對象,應(yīng)用Lamb-Jenkinson大氣環(huán)流分型方法對1948-2008年的逐日平均海平面氣壓場進行定量計算環(huán)流指數(shù)。通過對27類逐日環(huán)流分型結(jié)果的統(tǒng)計分析得出:北京地區(qū)主導(dǎo)環(huán)流類型依次為A型、C型和SW型,其頻率分別為23.8 %、15.4%和7.0%;A和C環(huán)流型頻率均呈逐年上升趨勢,但A型頻率上升速度遠大于C型;春季北京主導(dǎo)環(huán)流類型為A型和C型,夏季主導(dǎo)環(huán)流型為C型和SW型,夏季CSW型環(huán)流所占比例也較大,秋季和冬季為A型。通過主導(dǎo)環(huán)流型和北京氣溫、降水之間變化規(guī)律的分析可知:冬季在A型環(huán)流的控制下北京地區(qū)多為低溫晴好天氣;夏季在C型環(huán)流的控制下北京地區(qū)降水增多,在SW型環(huán)流的控制下北京地區(qū)降水偏少,而CSW型環(huán)流控制下北京地區(qū)呈現(xiàn)干熱天氣狀態(tài),2000年后尤為明顯。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 北京地區(qū), 大氣環(huán)流型, Lamb-Jenkinson環(huán)流分型, 氣候特征

      Abstract: Lamb-Jenkinson atmospheric circulation classification scheme was used to classify the circulation type of daily average sea level pressure over Beijing in 1948-2008. The following conclusions are drawn that among 27 circulation types, primary types are A, C and SW, and their occurrence frequencies are 23.8%, 15.4% and 7.0%, respectively. Frequencies of types A and C tend to increase, but the increasing rate of type A is much greater than that of type C. The seasonal primary circulation types are A and C in spring, C and SW in summer, and A in autumn and winter, but type CSW can not be ignored in summer. It is fine and cool in winter Beijing under type A, mostly rainy in summer under type C and rainless under type SW, and dry and hot under type CSW, especially after 2000.

      Key words: Beijing, atmospheric circulation type, Lamb-Jenkinson circulation classification, climatological characteristics

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