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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2008, Vol. 4 ?? Issue (002): 63-067.

      ? 研究論文 ?    下一篇

      2008年初我國(guó)低溫雨雪冰凍災(zāi)害的氣候特征

      王遵婭 張強(qiáng) 陳峪 趙珊珊 曾紅玲 張勇 劉秋鋒   

      1. 國(guó)家氣候中心 中國(guó)氣象局氣候研究開(kāi)放實(shí)驗(yàn)室
      • 收稿日期:2008-03-04 修回日期:2008-03-09 出版日期:2008-03-31 發(fā)布日期:2008-03-31
      • 通訊作者: 王遵婭

      Characters of Meteorological Disasters Caused by the Extreme Synoptic Process in Early 2008 over China

        

      • Received:2008-03-04 Revised:2008-03-09 Online:2008-03-31 Published:2008-03-31

      摘要: 利用中國(guó)606個(gè)時(shí)間序列超過(guò)40 a的氣象臺(tái)站逐日氣溫、降水和天氣現(xiàn)象等資料,確定了定義低溫、降雪、冰凍和多年一遇等指標(biāo)的方法,對(duì)2008年初我國(guó)低溫雨雪冰凍災(zāi)害的空間分布、持續(xù)時(shí)間、歷史強(qiáng)度和災(zāi)害影響等進(jìn)行了綜合分析。結(jié)果表明:2008年1月中旬到2月上旬,我國(guó)長(zhǎng)江中下游至江南地區(qū)發(fā)生了歷史罕見(jiàn)的低溫雨雪冰凍災(zāi)害,災(zāi)害發(fā)生區(qū)域的最大連續(xù)低溫日數(shù)、最大連續(xù)降雪量和最大連續(xù)冰凍日數(shù)均為1951年以來(lái)歷年冬季的最大值,綜合各種指標(biāo)統(tǒng)計(jì)其強(qiáng)度為百年一遇。此次災(zāi)害具有影響范圍廣、持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、發(fā)生強(qiáng)度大等特點(diǎn),對(duì)我國(guó)電力、交通、農(nóng)業(yè)、林業(yè)、人民生活等方面產(chǎn)生了重大影響。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 低溫, 降雪, 冰凍, 災(zāi)害

      Abstract: Quantitative indices were chosen to analyze the characters of meteorological disasters caused by the extreme synoptic process in early 2008 over China by virtue of the daily temperature, precipitation and weather phenomena dataset at 606 stations in China from 1 January of 1951 to 29 February of 2008. Unusually severe meteorological disasters, including low temperature, heavy snowfall and freezing, happened in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley and the areas to the south of the Yangtze River from the middle of January to the first decade of February. In the disaster areas, the maximal persistent low temperature days, snowy days and the freezing days all broke the records since 1951, showing a centennial probability. Especially, board extents, the long persistence and severe damages characterized this synoptic process in early 2008 over China, resulting in heavy losses in many aspects of the social life of China, such as the electric power, the transportation, the agriculture, the forestry, the daily life of the people and so on.

      Key words: low temperature, snowfall, freezing, disaster, climatic features

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