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      氣候變化研究進展 ?? 2011, Vol. 7 ?? Issue (5): 324-329.

      ? 氣候變化影響 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      青海高原不同海拔高度區(qū)小麥生長對氣候變暖的響應

      王力1,李鳳霞1,徐維新2,李曉東1,蘇文將1   

      1. 1. 青海省氣象科學研究所
        2. 青海省氣象局
      • 收稿日期:2011-04-20 修回日期:2011-08-10 出版日期:2011-09-30 發(fā)布日期:2011-09-30
      • 通訊作者: 王力 E-mail:liw0209@sohu.com
      • 基金資助:
        公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項“氣候變化對西北旱作農業(yè)氣象災害的影響及其應對技術對策研究

      Climate Warming Impacts on Spring Wheat Growth at Different Altitude Regions in Qinghai Plateau

      • Received:2011-04-20 Revised:2011-08-10 Online:2011-09-30 Published:2011-09-30

      摘要: 利用青海高原上兩個不同海拔高度區(qū)農業(yè)氣象觀測站1980—2007年的觀測資料,就低海拔地(民和)和高海拔地(諾木洪)的氣候變化及其對春小麥生長發(fā)育和產量的影響差異進行研究。結果顯示:28年來民和和諾木洪兩站均存在變暖趨勢,且高海拔地區(qū)的線性增暖幅度大于低海拔地區(qū)。春小麥對氣候變暖的響應表現在低海拔地區(qū)播種期提前,成熟期基本沒有變化,生育期延長,產量下降;高海拔地區(qū)播種期推遲,成熟期提前,生育期縮短,產量波動較大。春小麥生長期內日平均氣溫每升高1℃,高海拔地區(qū)春小麥生育期縮短11.7 d,而低海拔地區(qū)無顯著變化。分蘗期是兩地小麥生育時期變化的轉折點,是環(huán)境與群體的“緩沖者”。

      關鍵詞: 海拔, 氣候變暖, 春小麥, 生長期, 產量, altitude, climate warming, spring wheat, growth period, annual yield

      Abstract: Impact of climate warming on the growth and yields of spring wheat at high and low altitudes in the Qinghai Plateau was studied by using the observation data obtained at Minhe and Nuomuhong agricultural meteorological stations from 1980 to 2007. The results show that during the past 28 years the air temperature had an increase trend both at high and low altitudes, and the warming amplitude of annual air temperature was larger at high altitude than at low altitude. Responses of spring wheat at low altitude were an advanced sowing time, an unchanged mature stage, an extended growth period, and a declined yield, and at high altitude the responses were a postponed sowing time, an advanced mature stage, a shortened growth period, and an unstable yield with a larger fluctuation. The growth period of spring wheat was shortened by 11.7 d at high altitude and no significant change at low altitude when daily average temperature increased 1℃ in the growth period of spring wheat. Tillering stage was the turning point of growing period changes of spring wheat between the two places and also a “buffer” of the environment and crop population.

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