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      氣候變化研究進(jìn)展 ?? 2012, Vol. 8 ?? Issue (4): 285-291.

      ? 對(duì)策論壇 ? 上一篇    下一篇

      歐盟將民航運(yùn)輸納入歐盟排放交易體系問(wèn)題探析

      馬湘山1,2, 周劍1   

      1. 1. 清華大學(xué)能源環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)研究所
        2. 中國(guó)民航科學(xué)技術(shù)研究院
      • 收稿日期:2012-02-03 修回日期:2012-03-31 出版日期:2012-07-30 發(fā)布日期:2012-07-30
      • 通訊作者: 馬湘山 E-mail:maxiangshan@gmail.com

      A Study on EU’s Inclusion of Civil Aviation into EU Emission Trading System

      • Received:2012-02-03 Revised:2012-03-31 Online:2012-07-30 Published:2012-07-30
      • Contact: ma xiangshan E-mail:maxiangshan@gmail.com

      摘要: 按照歐盟法律,自2012年1月1日起在歐盟境內(nèi)起降的航班排放將被納入歐盟排放交易系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)詳細(xì)解讀歐盟這一法律,指出歐盟排放交易體系是典型的“上限-交易”系統(tǒng),即通過(guò)規(guī)定排放上限與進(jìn)行配額交易實(shí)現(xiàn)減排目標(biāo)。歐盟此舉本質(zhì)目的是強(qiáng)化氣候變化主導(dǎo)權(quán),最終為經(jīng)濟(jì)謀利,加快完善歐盟碳交易市場(chǎng)以建設(shè)歐元貨幣權(quán)力體系。其結(jié)果可能引發(fā)其與《聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約》及《京都議定書(shū)》等國(guó)際法之間的法律沖突,購(gòu)買(mǎi)配額將對(duì)民航運(yùn)輸發(fā)展造成制約,“可測(cè)量、可報(bào)告和可核實(shí)”將對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家能力建設(shè)提出挑戰(zhàn),并將一定程度影響《聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約》下的行業(yè)減排談判走向。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 歐盟排放交易體系, 民航運(yùn)輸, 溫室氣體

      Abstract: EU would include all flights from and to EU airports into EU Emission Trading System (ETS) since Jan. 1st, 2012 in the light of Directive 2008/101/EC. This paper elaborates the relevant EU legislation and policy and points out that EU ETS is a typical “cap and trade” system to limit the greenhouse gas emissions by means of regulating emission cap and trading allowances. Based on such an elaboration, this paper concludes that EU’s unilateral extension of EU ETS to international aviation will strengthen the climate change initiative to benefit EU economic interests in the end, and establish the monetary power system of EURO by accelerating improvement of EU’s carbon market. As well, such an action will not only induce legal conflicts with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol, but also constrain the growth of the international air transport owing to buying extra allowances, challenge the capacity building in developing countries through Measure, Report and Verify (MRV) and to some extent impact the UNFCCC negotiations on the sectoral approach.

      Key words: EU emission trading system, civil aviation, greenhouse gas

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